Every-other-day fasting seems to convert “bad” white fat to “good” brown fat, but nobody really knew why. This study found that fasting causes the bacteria in your gut to produce certain molecules that might be responsible.

One can image both the supplement and medical industries will rush to deliver a pill or a "probiotic."

Also, it might be interesting if weight loss could also be partially achieved by fecal transplantation from known, extremely healthy individuals.

I'm by no means a expert in this, but the gist of it is that not all fat tissue is created equal. "Brown fat" burns more calories and can help control weight and mitigate diet related health issues. Intermittent fasting (in this case eating every other day) increases the amount of brown fat deposits in the body. Exercise has been shown to do the same.