In terms of verifying (or validating) subjective opinions, correlational observations, and inferences of causal relations; #LinkedMetaAnalyses of documents (notebooks) containing structured links to their data as premises would be ideal. Unfortunately, PDF is not very helpful in accomplishing that objective (in addition to being a terrible format for review with screen reader and mobile devices): I think HTML with RDFa (and/or CSVW JSONLD) is our best hope of making at least partially automated verification of meta analyses a reality.
http://schema.org/ClaimReview (as mentioned in this article) is a good start.
A few other approaches to be aware of:
"Reality Check is a crowd-sourced on-chain smart contract oracle system" [built on the Ethereum smart contracts and blockchain]. https://realitykeys.github.io/realitycheck/docs/html/
And standards-based approaches are not far behind:
W3C Credentials Community Group https://w3c-ccg.github.io/
W3C Verifiable Claims Working Group https://www.w3.org/2017/vc/WG/
W3C Verifiable News https://github.com/w3c-ccg/verifiable-news