In Belgium we have a national ID card which has a pin-protected chip and is required for all government and bank interaction. It is very hard to forge, and through a usb card reader I can use it for digital authentication (like for filing my taxes on the web). Getting one issued in the case of loss requires interacting with the police, so the threshold to someone fraudulently obtaining a real card in someone else's name is high.

Identity theft isn't something I hear about often here.