Only for the root of a site, but there are better cache expiration options as noted elsewhere anyway.

For inner pages, browsers do consider /your-page-url?v=1505418887 to be a completely different page from /your-page-url?v=1505418888.

However, just expiring cache and/or properly setting HTTP cache control headers at most CDN's is a cleaner and more correct option.

I'm not following. How does that help my visitor see the latest version of the page when coming from a search engine or external site?

Exactly, it doesn't. That's why you should use the actual cache mgmt options from your CDN provider, or just wait for your (properly configured) cache control headers to expire the cache (bear in mind that intermediate caching proxies don't always obey those TTLs or dates either).

I was just pointing out that some people adjust their menu links (etc) to include some sort of dynamic variable (ie /?ts=xxx). I don't recommend this sort of scheme, though, except in unusual circumstances: IMO, it's fragile, leaky, and inefficient.