An idea for how it could be implemented in linux: kernel would offer a new kind of file descriptor. It would have a limited, in-kernel buffer, much like a socket has an arrival space. Once you have it, call something like,
newkind_page_copy(newkind_fd, disk_fd, page_count, timeout)
Timeout could be unlimited.The buffer would behave like socket for the purpose of the read and error lists in select/poll/epoll. If you closed either descriptor, it goes to error-state. Within the kernel, it would watch real_file_fd, using code to similar to whatever is underneath inotify. Like inotify, this would not work for NFS.
? What man page are you reading? The goal of readahead is to prime the cache and return immediately. http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/readahead.2.html
There is a second obstacle I have in mind, around the robustness of this. Imagine if we had an implementation of that which reliably returned quickly. But we take our time doing the subsequent read. By the time we do, the value has already been chased out of the cache. It is an edge-case, and you could probably avoid it in practice, but it would be significant effort to to verify your mechanism, and would create cognitive load.
readahead(2) ? posix_fadvise(2) ?