That said, any slightly-sane permission or access control scheme, including the defaults mandated by almost all RDBMS distributions (which want a system user dedicated to their use), would make it rather difficult to rm the database folder. Just opening a shell to a RDBMS's underlying server should be a rare event in itself, to say nothing of actually elevating to root, or running a sloppy/careless rm command that is uncaught by the numerous potential failsafes that sysadmins have been installing for decades now (constraining superuser access to a pre-defined set of commands, for example).
Again, the point is not that RDBMS systems are invincible. It's just that they're much sturdier, and actually designed to serve this purpose.
In what universe is "Well, hack out the dangerous parts" a reasonable answer? Talk about reckless disregard for data integrity! Do you really want to use Kafka that bad that you'd develop, maintain, and thoroughly test a custom patchset that circumvents its eviction routines, rather than just using the systems that already excel at not deleting stuff?
Secondly, eviction is a core part of a message queue's design, on purpose. It's actually a needed thing, and while I'm not a Kafka dev, I seriously doubt that it's so simple that a single flag can be disabled and we can move on.
I'm not sure this is worse than using a Unix box with a working "rm" command.