In Delphi, I hide this kind of complexity behind methods which check everything for nulls and types at runtime. I imagine I'd do the same thing in C#, too. So if I have json = TJSON.parse('{}'); json.Node['something'].Nodes[0].each(procedure(pNode: TJSONNode) begin; list.add(pNode.GetValue<int>()); end); { Nodes and Node properties actually create empty nodes and keep a debug string to show you where exactly your code failed so you can go back and take a look at which assumption was wrong. I then cleanup everything when the main node is freed.

So my point is; it all depends on how you code something, the language may do it at compile time to prevent runtime assertions, but that also comes with extra baggage (I assume you need to write more code to define your types, function call conditions and mappings)