Or put another way -- what?

I think this is something people don't often think about. But it makes it very easy to compare different costs and benefits that involve time. E.g. imagine a building is costing $1000 a year to maintain, and a new building would cost $50,000 to build. You can figure that it would be easier just to invest $20,000 and use the interest to pay for the maintenance. And save $30,000.

But if building a new building cost only $10,000. It would be a good investment. And you would expect to save more money than you would gain from anything else you could invest in with that money.

The same logic applies to subscription fees. If a software license costs either $120 a year, or a fixed price of $5,000. You should prefer the subscription. Hypothetically you could just invest $2400 and use the interest to pay the subscription. Saving $2,600.

Except you do not actually use software forever, and there is also no market for licenses for 10-year-old versions, so you have to actually calculate it as an annuity.

So, if you expect to use the software for ten years, the NPV of 120$ per year would be about 900$ at 5% interest.

Also, it makes much more sense for a large corporation to be exposed to the risks of investment return, i.e., it makes more sense for fixed-price software licenses. Well, maybe. Whoever has a smaller fraction of total expenses over cash reserves, and is this able to ride out a recession, should get the risk. In the case of a person with a big retirement fund, they should get the risk. However, in the case of someone living paycheck to paycheck, the company should get the risk.

Seems reasonable, but I'd also stop using most subscriptions before 20 years: 5 years seems more likely. I'd probably cancel a subscription if I stopped using the product after a few years or if the related hardware died.

Well, yes and no. GP is calculating the discounted value of receiving $N annually forever (assuming a fixed constant interest rate r):

    N/(1+r) + N/(1+r)^2 + N/(1+r)^3 + ...
    = N/r

(You can derive it from (for |q| < 1), 1 + q + q^2 + q^3 + ... = 1/(1-q) )

Note, by the way, that currently rates are very low (say 1%), and thus receiving a perpetual stream of $N per year is very valuable, namely 100N. That makes the switch to subscriptions even more valuable to these psycho firms.

As you say, they're lending you what would've been the upfront payment for the software. They receive your subscription, and have to pay (in interest, to their bank) very low rates. So, on the (fixed) notional they currently pay low rates, while receiving high-ish subscription.

In an ideal market, you would expect the discounted subscription to match the upfront payment, which would mean that the "high value" is simply the price that they have to pay to get those future subscription payments (or that they could sell those future subscription payments for on some sort of "customer subcriptions market" if there were one). Once they've bought them, they also have the risk of rising interest rates wiping out the value of that investment.

(And also, this doesn't really apply all that well in this case anyway, because your typical software license subscription is not a perpetuity, the span of time that people will want to pay for using the software as it is now is rather limited, and they can pretty much stop paying at any point, while you'd supposedly have spent the loan from your bank on your programmers, and your bank will still want to get their interest payments.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_value_of_money#Example_2:...

But their calculation was ... let's say wrong :-)

However, coming up with some number X prices for various cohorts is not particularly useful, since simply introducing choice confuses some users and causes drop-off, let alone optimizing those choices and explaining them.