> With that said, I'm not exactly sure what type of career path somebody studying, say, political science could embark on

I'm not so sure it matters. Even in engineering, college courses alone won't provide you with a worthwhile resume. In college, you have plenty of chances to build a CV worth hiring. You can do research, work on meaningful projects outside of class, get internships, etc. no matter what you want to study. All the people I knew who got jobs out of undergrad did some combination of the above regardless of their major. The important part was that they could point to concrete things that demonstrated their skills.