I'm open to being wrong, but my prediction based on the data I have is either a) the measured IQ distribution is going to be different, with equal representation of sexes; b) the representation of sexes is going to be different with equal IQ distribution;
> 2. How much is raw general intelligence useful for software engineering compared to the pedigree of having attended one of these top schools?
That's a really good question, and the answer again is that I don't know. I don't even know how to measure this.
As an anecdote, I didn't attend a top CS college, but I'm a high-ish ranked software developer.
There will be biases (in the scientific sense) in the data because of how the interview process selects for successful candidates, which is going to be correlated with these three and probably many other things. But I think the study would still be sound.
(Also, it occurs to me that I've been making about one assumption that is likely to be untrue: that people who do better at top software engineering companies are actually better software engineers. It is entirely possible that software engineering companies are systematically failing to hire and promote the best software engineers, because their interview and review processes are broken. In fact, that is what the pervasive-sexism-in-tech hypothesis implies: that individuals are so sexist that they would prefer to hire a man over a more qualified women, possibly because they're subconsciously failing to realize that the man is actually less qualified. If we want to test this hypothesis seriously, we need to separate "actually a good dev" and "recognized as a good dev". I could easily believe that being in the top percentile of g is correlated with hiring and promotion, because it's easy to measure, but less tightly correlated with actually being good at your job.)
One line of argument occurs to me: my understanding is that the breakdown of incoming freshmen at top colleges (by which I mean the sorts of colleges Facebook tries very hard to recruit from) is very gender-balanced, much more so than would be implied by the normal distributions you cite. This raises two questions:
1. Are these colleges selecting students for some reason other than general intelligence (whether this is "political correctness" or "intelligence isn't everything" is irrelevant to this question), and if so, can we measure the IQ of men and women at these colleges and find a significant difference? Even if men and women as a whole have different IQ distributions, I would initially assume men and women at top colleges to have comparable IQ distributions (because that's what college admissions should select for), but I can believe that this is not true.
2. How much is raw general intelligence useful for software engineering compared to the pedigree of having attended one of these top schools? I would assume that being in the 95th percentile of intelligence and having a degree from one of these schools is more likely to lead to success than being in the 98th percentile and not, but, again, I can very easily be convinced otherwise.