Eventually you'll have a better/faster computer than the Intel Centrino, with potentially much better battery life, modern hardware (USB3+, better radio connectivity), better software support (for instance, mainstream Linux distros are now deprecating support for non-PAE CPUs).
I've been giving this some thought: I have a gutted MacBook Pro I plan to perform the same surgery on. Someone spilled soda on it, so the mainboard was already fried... therefore it's not even a downgrade. It's an upgrade from a brick.
I'd also love to stick a pi in an old keyboard computer like an Atari ST or Amiga.
I was thinking about doing something like this myself a while back, and my oldest laptop, a Dell Latitude CPx with a PIII 500MHz CPU, would be ideal since I could reuse the power supply and batteries (it has two battery bays) with a simple charge controller/voltage converter. But, the laptop is in nearly mint condition and runs so well I can't bear to destroy it. It's easily as fast as the newest Pi, and it runs OpenBSD very well, which will likely never be ported to the Pi.
There are other small SoC/Maker boards would fit the bill:
https://www.openbsd.org/armv7.html
And people are working on Pi support, after all:
Don't get me wrong, I will gladly welcome OpenBSD on the Pi if it ever happens; one of my favorite OSes on one of my favorite platforms. But I'm not holding my breath.
As for other SoCs/boards; there simply is no other board with the combination of support, community, power, cost efficiency, and versatility that the Pi enjoys. Pretty much any other SBC is lacking in one or more areas critical to making such an endeavor worthwhile. The only thing that comes close is the Nvidia Jetson TX2, and it's cost prohibitive for this kind of project when you can get a mainstream AMD64 ultrabook for half the price of that board alone.
AFAIK Linux distribution for the RPi still use the closed-source bootloader, which is some commercial RTOS that needs to sit on a FAT partition and runs on the VideoCore chip (!). There is work on a Free Software bootloader: https://github.com/christinaa/rpi-open-firmware
Ah, I missed that part and mistook "everything seems to be in order" to mean that this is a working laptop. My apologies.
[EDIT] See below, seems that the laptop is already broken.