It depends on the problem domain, but it's been my experience across a few domains that many errors are of the "trivial" type you've described, in that recovering from an error by taking some alternative path is usually not very valuable. A bail-out-on-any-error approach doesn't necessarily mean it's a "toy program".

Nothing in Rust (or Go, even) ordinarily precludes the type of retry approach you're describing, of course.