Yep, unfortunately a universal 'Network-Byte_order'[1] stil doesn't exist.
Things like this were especially a pain with industrial network protocols that we used in our applications during the transition from PowerPC to Intel on OS X. All the CFSwapInt16HostToBig() and CFSwapInt16BigToHost() stuff...
And earlier before I learned about '#pragma packed' it took me a while to find out where all these extra zeroes suddenly came from :-D
The test could also have included questions on things like packing bools and enums into structures. Again critical to get righht when sharing or transmitting structs, or anything bigger than a char.