Most officials in the district concluded that the test must be culturally biased or flawed in some other way, and were going to ignore the results.
One teacher, though, decided to operate under the assumptions that (1) the test was not flawed and so was showing a real difference between the children, and (2) there was no inherent racial difference in the students, and so started looking for other explanations for the lower performance of the black kids.
He found that all the black children lived in older housing, built in the in the early '70s or earlier. All the white children lived in newer housing, built after 1980. He knew that we had stopped using lead paint in housing in 1978, and wondered if the black kids could be suffering from lead poisoning.
They and their houses were tested, and sure enough, the black kids were living in high lead environments. One of the effects of lead poising is a reduction in cognitive abilities.
The houses were cleaned of lead, and the children treated, and within a couple of years the gap on IQ tests went away.
If that teacher thought like you did he would have just dismissed the question of whether or not the black kids' performance was due to a real cognitive difference as offensive, unacceptable and ridiculous, and those kids would have went through much or all of the rest of their childhood and teen years suffering from cognitive impairment and the accompanying limitations on their futures.
The race and crime correlation comes about because poor people are more likely then middle class or wealthy people to commit the kind of crimes that a taxi driver would worry about, and wealth distribution is not independent of race in the United States, with black people disproportionately represented among the poor.
I have no idea where the race and tipping correlation comes from. It's well known in waiter circles, with both white and black servers complaining about poor tips from black people. There was an interesting literature review and discussion of this topic published by the Cornell University School of Hotel Administration: http://scholarship.sha.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?artic...
These and similar correlations raise some interesting questions. Humans naturally generalize from experience and make predictions based on correlations. Since race is visible it gets involved in those correlations. Other factors, like economic status, that are probably closer to the actual cause of whatever behavior one is observing and generalizing from are not directly visible so we don't use them as much in our generalizations.
So one question that comes to mind is can we make those lower level factors more visible? What if an Uber driver got essentially a background check on their potential passenger, giving income level, education level, arrest record, and so on? Would drivers be less likely to generalize based on race if they could instead generalize on those other factors? Then if a driver had 300 white passengers and 100 black passengers in a month and 5 whites and 10 blacks caused problems, instead of generalizing that blacks are problem passengers the driver might notice that all 15 of the problem passengers were involved in gang activity and the generalization becomes "don't pick up people involved in gang activity".
I realize that giving the aforementioned information to drivers would be a big loss of privacy for passengers. Maybe there is an inherent conflict between privacy and reducing race-based generalizations, much like the conflict between privacy and security.
I bet a good writer could make an interesting science fiction story around that idea and its implications.
Albeit it might be more acceptable to discuss it from a monetary perspective, e.g. "Why are urban poor crime rates so high"
It could very well be the case that race is itself a factor for anti-social behavior.