The averaging period says more about how fast they expect min_rtt to change than how long it takes to calculate it. If the rtt is fairly stable, that measurement could be accurate much sooner than 10s.
Super short lived sessions can really only go faster with tricks like increasing the initcwnd. Anything longer than that, I'd expect bbr to work well.
It would be interesting to see test data on this for large numbers of real connections. How much do bandwidth and delay vary in practice across ISP links, cable headends, and cellular links?
[1] http://caia.swin.edu.au/cv/dahayes/content/networking2011-cd...