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Re:Chemistry says Moon is proto-Earth’s mantle, relocated by JumpCrisscross on Monday September 12, 2016 @06:14PM (#12484120)
The mass of the Earth is 5.972E24 kg; the moon 7.348E22 kg. Combined, they're 6.945E24 kg, or about 1.2% more massive than the Earh is today.

The change in surface gravity wouldn't be meaningful. Capillary action would still permit tall trees and chemical rockets would still reach escape velocity. Toss Mars or Venus into the Pacific, on the other hand, and a more interesting game develops.

Re:Chemistry says Moon is proto-Earth’s mantle, relocated by bdr on Monday September 12, 2016 @09:55PM (#12485117)
Capillary action is not nearly strong enough to permit tall trees. This is a common misconception. The stronger mechanism is negative pressure, caused by transpiration at the top of the tree, pulling up miniscule strands of water under high tension.
Re:Chemistry says Moon is proto-Earth’s mantle, relocated by AnimalMuppet on Monday September 12, 2016 @06:43PM (#12484279)
Note, however, that the surface is also at a slightly larger radius from the center of that increased mass, so the net increase in surface acceleration is less than 1.2%.

[Edit: Note that the moon is less dense than the earth. By my calculations, adding the moon's material to the earth (and keeping it at the moon's density) would increase the earth's radius by 43 km, and (if you accept the parent's 1.2% mass increase figure), the surface acceleration would be 0.998 times the current value.]

Re:Chemistry says Moon is proto-Earth’s mantle, relocated by InclinedPlane on Monday September 12, 2016 @06:54PM (#12484335)
The added mass would also increase the size of the Earth, which would reduce the surface gravity. Overall the end result would be something like 0.4% higher surface gravity.
Re:Chemistry says Moon is proto-Earth’s mantle, relocated by guard-of-terra on Monday September 12, 2016 @06:38PM (#12484250)
s/6.9/6.0