This also has the inflationary consequences that I mentioned in another comment: you're effectively increasing wages without increasing productivity. This will cause prices to rise because employers will face higher taxes so that the state can support basic income, and demand will rise because people will have more money.
This will cause inflation, and in the long run purchase power will not increase, while society will be worse off with less people doing productive work.
Sure, some people won't work. But most of those would be people who either would have a hard time finding work, or who have some specific other thing they'd rather be doing.
You are also confusing money with wealth. Basic income may give people more of the first, but its inflationary nature does nothing for the second.
Sure, above a certain level people's taxes would go up, so they pay back some of their basic income as tax. But that wouldn't kick in until people are earning rather more than $1200 a month.