However, there isn't any counterparty risk, other than if you buy BTC for USD, and the person on the other end charges back the bank transfer
(Sell BTC for real money, surely?)
So there isn't any counterparty risk apart from when it's most critical, actually cashing out?
There are decentralized exchanges that are becoming more popular (Bitsquare for one, check out http://www.bitsquare.io), but there's a chicken-and-egg problem for liquidity. Not a lot of people currently trade on the decentralized exchanges, so liquidity is thin (and until there's liquidity, larger traders will likely not trade there). However, there isn't any counterparty risk, other than if you buy BTC for USD, and the person on the other end charges back the bank transfer. When you trade crypto-to-crypto, the risk is minimal (barring a 51% attack reversing the history on the cryptocurrency you purchased).