Not exactly at insert mode, but this may be helpful:
autocmd BufWritePre * :%s/\s\+$//e
Before you save a file, it removes all trailing whitespace (ironically using the same regex as in the article -- hasn't given me trouble yet though)
I've got of course checks in place that warn about trailing spaces and my Git hooks outright refuse a commit with trailing spaces. But it would be nice to catch that at the insert level.
You know, it may be cat who's typing.