Not only that, but I believe a bad checksum can also cause a cascade to "fix the data", causing further corruption.
Re:Native encryption added to ZFS on Linux
by the_why_of_y on Saturday July 23, 2016 @02:42PM
(#12150513)
For that to happen, you would need a bad checksum and the corresponding data block to be corrupted in such a way that the corrupted data block checksums to the corrupted checksum. Given that the checksum is 256-bit, the scariest I'd call that is "possible in theory".
ZFS will notice, depending on _when_ the munging happened (if it was mangled after it got to RAM but before ZFS checksummed it, it obviously can't), but that's (primarily) why ZFS boards often tell you not to do that.