Just one example, the type system just does more, IMO very useful, stuff.

Richer generics. Dynamic typing is there if you want it. Type inference is great, and then coupled with anonymous types allows for some nifty tool-supported functional-style pipelined programming. (RX and Linq). Upcoming language support for tuples looks pretty sweet too.

I have worked on both languages and I have not disliked anything about java.Not here to start a flame war. I heard many times from who have extensively worked on both that supports for generics in c# is far superior than java.And obviously LINQ goodness and async\await comes to mind

From my limited experience using Java after C# 6.

Type inference, C# properties (vs. getters/setters in Java), generics are way better, and of course Linq.

Java 8 makes this a bit better with lambdas but it's still a bit of a pain not having the above present. I still like Java though.