One can consistently accept a study as well-implemented/operationalized while acknowledging a reasonable chance that the results are garbage, and that repeating the study might not yield significant results.The proper conclusion of a statistically oriented study is a probability distribution across several potentially contradictory propositions. One is never forced to "exclude the middle" as a result of a study, and conclude either A or not A.

Re-reading what you said I think we're in agreement already. I was nit-picking at the idea that a study has a single conclusion which is either true or not true. The conclusion of most studies is properly a vector and a hefty pinch of salt imo.

edit: clarity