As I understand it, both Paxos and Zab will result in similar performance characteristics, since writes need, by design, to be coordinated with peers and serialized in a strict manner. In this sense, Etcd and ZK are very much alike, irrespective of how they are implemented internally. I wouldn't be surprised if Etcd was found to be faster and more scalable than ZK, however.

It really depends on how you view the problem. Yes, the latency of agreeing a proposal is similar, which is limited by physical (network latency + disk io). However, there are ways to put more stuff into one proposal (batching) and submitting proposals continuously (pipelining). These optimizations highly depend on the implementations.