Consider multi-user wordpress site for example. You can have one SQLite DB per user - there is simply no information to share between users. If so you can split all your users between multiple backend machines and do per user request routing - like one machine serving users from A to F. SQLlite has cheap DB loading sequence so you can open/close it for each page request. That would be perfect horizontal scaling as all your users will not fight for single DB access.

well, you kinda just move the problem to another layer. You'll face same horizontal scaling issues once you need to scale on each user.

Or just remove one [DB] layer completely. Such databases can be stored directly on machines executing http requests. And if you need to rebuild DB structure you don't need to stop the world - do them one by one.

Of course, all this depends on amount of data you need to store for each user and informational structure of the app.