> “find the distinctive cries of premature infants actually aversive—not exactly what we would expect after a deep history of premature babies being correlated with better outcomes.”

This is given as a argument against the main point, but I'd argue it's in favor of it... We're hard-wired to address the aversive stimuli, hence caring for the needs of the crying baby! If there's a difference in response time or level of care, then the premature baby wins over the full-term baby since the full-term baby's cry doesn't spark the same inherent level of urgency.