It doesn't. The claim they're making is that instead of learning labels from bazillion similar example, they use bazillion of diverse examples to train a more generic classifier capable of "learning" correct labels from just a few (i.e. 5) examples.

They compare it with human performance claiming their algorithm is better, but it's kind of a bullshit claim, since people weren't allowed to use scratch paper or see previous examples. So instead of a pattern-matching test they turned this into a memory test. Typical of current AI research. Those people will do anything to be able to claim "better than human" performance.

They also didn't do any comparisons, or even make mention of, the hierarchical Bayesian models that were used to attain human-level performance (by trying to mimic exactly how the human mind does it).

Thanks