"I wish you'd do the dishes" is fine. Far better than "I wish that you'd do the dishes". The "that" is useless. It's contextually clear what you're wishing, with no misunderstanding.
Many "that"s hide poor sentence structure and are a sign of lazy writing/thinking. Take the following:
- I realize now I need a car.
There is some ambiguity about what exactly I mean. I could use "that" to clear things up:
- I realize that now I need a car.
- I realize now that I need a car.
But that helps me spot the problem isn't the lack of "that", it's the "now", and I subtly alter the sentence's meaning based on where I place it:
- I realize I now need a car.
- I realize I need a car now.
- I now realize I need a car.
I should pick the sentence that most clearly communicates my meaning.
"I wish you'd do the dishes" sounds fine to most native English speakers, except those who are extremely fussy about language. Leaving out "that" in this sentence will sound wrong to most native speakers (though we can easily gloss over it when reading).