It's a completely different scenario from your phone battery. Your phone battery gets charged to 100% every day (if you're like most people), gets discharged deeply on a regular basis, and has no thermal management. Tesla batteries are typically charged to 90% or less, with the 100% charge level being reserved for long trips, they're typically not using a particularly large fraction of the battery (most people don't drive 200+ miles every day), and there's a sophisticated thermal management system that keeps the batteries at the optimal temperature.

What kills lithium batteries is time, cycle count, heat, and extreme states of charge. A Tesla battery has a massive advantage on three out of those four compared to consumer electronics, which is why comparing to your phone or laptop isn't very informative.