The general term lint refers to things that catch possible bugs. http://github.com/manishearth/rust-clippy/ contains tons of lints which are much more powerful than just tabs vs spaces. Many catch code style things, but some of them also catch possible bugs.

The example I gave of "does not panic" isn't really a lint, more of a restriction -- a static analysis pass that helps catch things which might not usually be a problem, but are a problem for your specific use case (so off by default). But there are lints as well which could benefit from the nsa lint backend.