The simplest library for this kind of data parallelism is Rayon[1]. The README provides a nice overview and links to a series of blog posts about the details.
Re:Concurrency in Rust
by Manishearth on Sunday March 27, 2016 @07:54AM
(#11369687)
simple_parallel exists and is pretty neat, yes. Rayon is another cool library here (https://github.com/nikomatsakis/rayon), which lets you do foreach/mapreduce operations via work stealing on a pool with an extensible API that looks exactly like the regular iterator api (https://github.com/nikomatsakis/rayon#parallel-iterators, for example).
Note that a simd library exists which abstracts over the intrinsics (https://github.com/huonw/simd)
Edit: Low-level simd exist as intrinsics and of course through llvm vectorizations.