Yes. A representation of ladders is among the input features of its neural networks.
https://gogameguru.com/i/2016/03/deepmind-mastering-go.pdf
Stone colour 3 Player stone / opponent stone / empty
Ones 1 A constant plane filled with 1
Turns since 8 How many turns since a move was played
Liberties 8 Number of liberties (empty adjacent points)
Capture size 8 How many opponent stones would be captured
Self-atari size 8 How many of own stones would be captured
Liberties after move 8 Number of liberties after this move is played
Ladder capture 1 Whether a move at this point is a successful ladder capture
Ladder escape 1 Whether a move at this point is a successful ladder escape
Sensibleness 1 Whether a move is legal and does not fill its own eyes
Zeros 1 A constant plane filled with 0
Player color 1 Whether current player is black
(The number is how many 19x19 planes the feature consists of.)