There's going to be a growing overlap between the two. I studied a bit[1] with one of the big SLAM research groups in the UK, and even several years ago, they were trying to combine SLAM and neural nets in various ways. A lot of their PhD students went on to ride the crest of the "deep learning" wave, and made a lot of money.

[1] Only an undergrad project a few years ago; I didn't do anything especially cool there.