I'd be interesting to understand where these issues fall in terms of international agreements. Basically, where is the international pressure to not let China sell shit that will cause injuries?

The world's main carbon manufacturing base (for bikes at least) seems to be in Taiwan. It is not surprise that when you have all the tools (Mandrel's, carbon sheets, etc) and expertise that there is a class of people building knockoffs. I don't think you could find many people in the US even remotely capable of making a knock-off.