In fairness, (1) a lot of the verbosity of the code here is because of the way C++ makes you separate out declarations and definitions, and makes you declare member functions even when they are just overriding virtual member functions in a base class, and in a nicer language equivalent code would be distinctly less painful; and (2) the 8086 emulator is able to be nice and small partly because its author is very, very, very clever. (Note: author of 8086tiny is my boss.)