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The problem posed was "can my app tag photos with birds". The answer is now yes for all practical purposes.

You italicized the word 'solved' to emphasize that under technical scrutiny it is not true in response to a claim about being pedantic.

100% accuracy on identifying birds is, epistemologically, impossible.

maybe this is a joke, but really, no. Car AIs don't encounter trolley problems, because the trolley in the trolley problem is ALREADY out of control and unable to stop (besides the turning lever). If the Car AI is in a situation where it might lose control of the car, it should decide that it isn't safe to drive. Asking a car to be altruistic means the car is making value judgements about what's better to hit, which means there's a mode where the car decides to hit something. The car should not be allowed to decide to hit something, or even swerve wildly out of the way. It should drive at a slow enough speed that it can safely stop for reasonably encountered circumstances. And if someone teleports in front of your car, it should just try (and fail) to stop in time.

Please tell me the practical concerns regarding adversarial inputs against a phone app that tries to tag pictures of birds in national parks.

If I can produce an image that you incorrectly label as Bird or No Bird, does that mean it's accurate to say you cannot tell me if pictures have birds in them? Or is that needlessly pedantic beyond any practical use case and clearly the intended context?

To be fair, that particular comic's 5 year task was solved shortly after it was posted, at least in part to prove it was wrong.

That's not a real problem. The correct answer is to stop the car, in almost any realistic scenario. It's also not a big deal, because human drivers are really bad at surprise children jumping into the middle of roads near the edge of cliffs too.

Isn't smoking much more common among the Chinese than this sample suggests? I would expect a random sample to include more smokers than not. It may imply that the act of smoking or the associated health states reduce the likelihood of infection, even if they increase the likelihood of a bad infection if it does land.