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I would not be surprised if it turned out the exact attention mechanism does not really matter, similarly to the sigmoid, ReLU, GELU movement, only the speed on calculation - and QKV is pretty good at that on the GPUs.
Enforcement is the real issue, not the specific red lines, regardless of what Anthropic claims and news outlets repeat.

Verification requires access to classified logs. These logs would attract the spies of the whole world. Even if these logs are in principle for "past actions", in practice past logs (for war games, for example) would compromise future strategy.

Since these manual audits are too risky, the only alternative is to hard-code limits into the AI. But are we ready trust an AI to "judge" a mission and refuse to execute during a crisis?

Anthropic wanted technical enforcement, the Pentagon wanted trust.

It’s a choice between two bad options: an unaccountable military and an unreliable AI kill switch. They are both very dangerous, just in different ways.

From the actual paper ( https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adu8349 ):

"All measurements were performed at 20° ± 0.2°C maintained by an air circulation system unless otherwise noted. The temperature of the films was controlled using a heating/cooling unit (THMS350V, Linkam Scientific Instruments, Salfords, UK) when necessary."

So the latent heat is conducted away by the cooling apparatus, it's just not explicitly stated, to sound more sensational.

Focusing solely on taxes misses the point that most people do not fully utilize "included" baggage allowances on domestic trips, and that is pure profit.

Let's assume a $40 bag fee: $25 cost to handle the bag, $3 tax, $12 profit.

If people pay for the bags separately, in addition to their $220 ticket, they will only pay for utilized bags, so for 1 bag, the profit will be $12.

If the $300 ticket bundle includes 2 allowed bags, but people only check 1 bag, then the profit is: $80 - 2$6 (tax) - 1$25 (cost) = $49 profit, more than 4 times bigger!

The real reason is the comparison sites as the HN commenters pointed out, but the result is not always bad, because the savings is real in many cases as people indeed would only pay for one bag on average ($220+$40 = $260) instead of $300.

I think airlines are much less happy with the separated fees than consumers, but once one airline does it, the others are forced to do it. The same happened with the international trips, which clearly has no tax reason. Many years ago it included 2 pieces of 70-pound bags, then 2 50-pound bags, then 1 50-pound bag, and now in many cases, on basic tickets, nothing at all.

Re:Why doctors in America earn so much on Thursday November 02, 2023 @08:48AM (#38112772)
Practically the whole world educates doctors with a 6-year program straight out of high school, out of which 6 years are relevant to medical education, instead of the 8 years in the US, out of which 4 are barely relevant to medical education.
The real question is why the insurance companies are pushing the annual exams very hard, not just in consumer ads, but using lots of incentives for primary care physicians.

One would assume they would not want to pay for unnecessary tests for healthy people.

So either their own research shows they save money with annual checkups in spite of what the article says, or more sinisterly, they do want to spend money to be able to justify higher premiums, because in several states they are required to spend around 80% of the premiums, and this is one easily plannable way.

Does anyone know? Perhaps someone working for an insurance company?

Re:FCC Threatens to Disconnect Twilio for Illegal Robocalls on Sunday January 29, 2023 @09:39PM (#34575239)
SMS forwarding sends the content, not the sender (phone number) info. In principle, they can search your previous messages and find the sender, but it's unclear if that would raise some privacy issues.

Most likely they just use the reported message to train their spam filter, not to block the particular sender number of that message.

Re:Detect ChatGPT Generated Content on Saturday January 28, 2023 @07:25AM (#34557023)
Which is true for most human-generated content, too.
The European Union has this for a few years now for electronic communications service providers, and it works well!

https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/faqs/contract-summa...

Plummeting sperm counts is a worldwide trend.

On the other hand, people in more industrial countries are exposed to different chemicals (BPA, FPOAs, flame retardants, food additives, etc.), than people in more agrarian countries (field chemicals, like fertilizers and pesticides). These chemicals are all harmful, but it's hard to blame a single class of them for a global problem.

If I had to pick a truly universal issue, I would say childhood and young adult obesity. Surprisingly, obesity is growing rapidly even in countries where hunger is also a problem.

Perl is preinstalled on pretty much every Linux and MacOS since time immemorial, and it's pretty much guaranteed to stay preinstalled for the foreseeable future.

Python3 is up and coming, and eventually it will get there, but old machines must die before it can reach ubiquity.

People like the convenience of having their bookmarks and saved passwords available, so the Incognito mode serves a purpose, it's just not what its name implies. Only its name is a problem, the description on the starter page correctly describes the behavior.

"Guest Mode": (1) hides the identity on the internet, and (2) hides the activity on the local machine.

"Incognito window": (2 only) hides the activity on the local machine.

To clear the confusion, "Incognito mode" should simply be renamed "Ephemeral mode" or "Transient mode" or "No-Save mode".

This is probably less invention, more marketing.

Manipulating ions requires a lot of current. Drop an AA battery to a soup and nothing remarkable happens quickly, but lick the same battery and you will definitely feel it immediately.

If you do it while something sour/salty is in your mouth, your tongue may get confused, since it's only prepared to detect 5 flavors plus hot and cold, and it may simply assigns the extra feeling to the strongest sour/salty/umami taste currently experienced.

The electronics is probably just to cut the current when the two chopsticks touch to prevent short circuit.

There are similar articles from a few years ago, like this: https://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/a15702/simulatin...

Re:Walmart truckers to start at $95k a year on Friday April 08, 2022 @01:55PM (#30960367)
It's just to emphasize that they may be lenient about some other tickets as long as they are way in the past, but they are not lenient about these ones.

These are reasonable conditions, but apparently they are not easy to pass.

I think the texting while driving is the more interesting one: a bunch of states don't care too much (Arizona, Montana, etc.), some others only impose a small $25 fine, so young people may not think about it as a huge obstacle to a high-paying job much later.

Re:Walmart truckers to start at $95k a year on Thursday April 07, 2022 @11:48PM (#30953146)
Essentially: no DUI (ever!), no texting while driving (ever!), no tickets in the last 3 years.

Surprisingly low percent of truck drivers can pass this.

Plus, many trucks have a driver-facing camera, no privacy.

Re:The day Steve Jobs dissed me in a keynote (2010) on Wednesday March 09, 2022 @11:06AM (#30616000)
Knowing the price in advance vs hoping for the best is worth a lot, even if on average the latter was cheaper.
Probably fake news.

Tesla cars are not licensed for operation without a control of a driver. It's unlikely Tesla (the company) would take the financial responsibility to cause any damage or injury during an unlicensed operation without a driver.

Straight from the Model S manual:

"Model S may not detect certain obstacles, including those that are very narrow (e.g., bikes), lower than the fascia, or hanging from the ceiling. As such, Summon requires that you continually monitor your vehicle's movement and surroundings while it is in progress, and that you remain prepared to stop the vehicle at any time using the Tesla mobile app, by pressing any button on the key fob, or by pressing any Model S door handle."

https://www.tesla.com/sites/default/files/Model_S_release_no...

Re:Modern PHP Cheat Sheet on Thursday November 25, 2021 @01:29PM (#29343683)
PHP's main problem is its very shallow learning curve.

The 5840 built-in functions provide easy ways to get many useful things done with minimal dabbling.

In other words, one can be a "scripter" instead of a "programmer", and for many projects that's 100% OK.

Other languages automatically filter out "scripters" from their field by demanding a certain level of mental abstraction to produce anything moderately useful.

While there is absolutely no difference between a good programmer using PHP, or a good programmer using any other language/environment, but there is a big difference between the median levels and below.

This in turn lowers the reputation of the field, and it becomes uncool to put PHP on one's resume, therefore the more capable programmers propagate out to other languages, which further lowers the median, etc.

This happened with Perl, too...

Most people don't have metabolic issues, yet steadily gaining weight.

South Korea vs. North Korea clearly shows the effect of food availability. Same genetics.

No one said the solution was easy, only that the solution was simple. But very hard.

But which one is easier to live with?

(1) "this is in my control, but it is too hard, and I am too weak to do it", or (2) "this is NOT in my control, and I'm failing due to the circumstances, in spite of doing the most possible"

Re:Parler drops offline after Amazon pulls support on Monday January 11, 2021 @06:00PM (#25739087)
Facebook also just shut government-linked accounts in Uganda ahead of elections, for "co-ordinated inauthentic behaviour", whatever that means.

The bar is indeed getting lower, for better or worse.

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-55623722

Re:Why Doctors Hate Their Computers (2018) on Monday August 31, 2020 @09:43PM (#24337713)
Medical software is terrible, because healthcare is very expensive, and this is the only effective cost control.

Since the payers (insurance companies and the government) want to avoid seen making medical decisions, their only way to bring the cost down is to slow down the providers.

Therefore, they do not allow automation in the EMR/Health software. This is not a joke: for appropriate billing, the physician has to go through an elaborate dance of clicks, and write and rewrite fields with the same content, personally. In other words, if it was automated, or if the office staff filled those out, then the billing would be much lower.

It's not true software vendors would not be able to automate a lot of this, but they just can't, because the physicians are required to work in a manual way for proper reimbursement.

It's a strange world, where a doctor who is a faster typist makes more money...

It's very sad, but unfortunately it's working, at the cost of driving physicians to the edge of insanity.