flubbergusto
Last time I did the same (days not hours tho lol) was somewhat surprised to find myself landing on xterm. After resolving a couple of gotchas (reliable font-resizing is somewhat esoteric; neovim needs `XTERM=''`; check your TERM) I have been very pleased and not looked back.
urxvt is OG but xterm sixel support is nice.
You would put this as a separate registry and storage from your actual self-hosted registry of explicitly pushed example.com/ images.
It's an extremely common use-case and well-documented if you try to RTFM instead of just throwing your hands in the air before speculating and posting about how hard or impossible this supposedly is.
You could fall back to DNS rewrite and front with your own trusted CA but I don't think that particular approach is generally advisable given how straightforward a pull-through cache is to set up and operate.
In the setup I linked, separation is more fine-grained. Ephemeral container for each cargo/nodejs/python/go/gcc process. The IDE is in a separate container from its own language servers, and from the shell, which is separate from both the X server and the terminal window, the ssh agent, etc. Only relevant directories are shared. This runs my devenv with vscode fine on a 16GB RAM 8c machine.
You'd need like 1T RAM and over 9000 cores to have that run smoothly with real VMs ;)
Basically containers can give you far more domains (with better performance and weaker isolation) on the same host.
The other upside is that the entire containerized setup can be run as unprivileged user. So an escape means they are still nerfed local user. A typical VM escape would have much shorter path to local root.
https://github.com/legobeat/l7-devenv/pull/153
This works for me (which I do run in VMs also, yes). A key thing is some secrets like GH token and signing keys are not available even for the IDE and code in the environment requiring them. Like a poor-mans HSM, made for dev, kinda. Also LLM assistant gets access to exactly what it needs. No more, No Less.
You can have your cake and eat it too.