deepprocess
The current, modern, and typical grain if you will: language learning is vocabulary, vocabulary and maybe conversation (maybe).
Although early on in childhood, as we develop "receptive language", we are going against this grain naturally by learning phonetics first then moving onwards to vocabulary through conversation.
I was in the auto parts store and a little boy saw me bring in a battery. He said "that wuks heavy!". I replied "that does LOOK heavy". Such a correction is abnormal from adult to adult. We have more grace depending on age.
For me, an average adult, with a busy schedule, learning the difference between the English T and the Spanish T made some great headway in my language hobby. Moving onward in that direction it has helped me understand spoken language - further aiding my memorization of the actual vocabulary. My "grain" if you will: Phonetics - Vocabulary (Anki with imagery) - Conversation (with natives, when I'm able to, it's a hobby)
I now use Anki to learn Spanish but now I add imagery (also known as a mnemonic). Our minds don't remember text too well - but coupled with imagery they do. To boot, Anki supports audio files to even further ingrain the memory if you have the time to create the cards.
If you're super imaginative, like the Russian Mnemonist Solomon Shereshevsky, (article on front page HN today) you wouldn't need to this do, you can create anything in your mind and recall it.
This can in way (it's physically limited whereas Anki is not) be taken to pen and paper as well using the Leitner system, a few file folders and some paper. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leitner_system
So whatever you're trying to memorize - math, names, bible verses, numbers, languages -with imagery and with spaced repetition.
I bought a book a while ago called "Fluent Forever" (not associated). The author has released an app to learn languages now using this imagery method. I personally don't like the app as it takes away the flashcard creation process reducing your "learning experience" to just a few taps. Anki, Supermemo, -insert SRS program here-, albeit harder, it's much more rewarding.